Principle Of Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Principle Of Economics - Essay Example As stated in Sloman & et. al. (2012), various policymakers and economists use GDP as the measure of economic well-being. Countries are also often graded according to their GDP values in order to decode their economic development in comparison to other economies in the global network (Sloman & et. al., 2012). However, an in-depth understanding to the concept reveals that economists cannot or most justifiably should not focus only on measuring GDP when quantifying the progress of an economy. In other words, there are certain limitations possessed by the concept of evaluating national progress or development depending exclusively on GDP. For instance, GDP has often been criticised to lack in measuring the outputs of all services as well as goods. As a result, the values of few goods as well as services go unrecorded; thus, understating the nation’s economic growth. There are mainly two reasons for GDP to lack in recording goods as well as services. For example, when people tend t o perform their own labour work without involving a third party, the manpower invested or otherwise marketed is not recorded in GDP statics. Illustratively, if parents hire a babysitter for their baby, the service cost is counted as the part of GDP; but, if the parents decide to stay back at home and deliver their services to take care of their baby, the countable opportunity cost of hiring a professional is not considered as the part of the GDP. At the national level, hen similar attributes remain uncounted or ignored to be measured appropriately, the national activities remain understated and the true value of economic production becomes erroneous (Sloman & et. al, 2012). Similarly, GDP calculation procedure also does not take into account the currency flow generated through illegal trading that is commonly attributed as ‘underground economy’. Underground economy specifically comprises of illegal and undeclared transactions. The transaction could be illegal in the for ms of drugs trading, prostitution and smuggling among others. Again, the transaction can be stated as undeclared only in the sense that they are not exposed for the tax purpose and hence, remain unidentified in the GDP calculation procedure (Sloman & et. al., 2012). It is in this context that GDP lacks accounting for intangible variables sourced within the nation to ensure the well-being such as health, happiness, and woes. It also does not include environmental impacts of production functions practiced within the economy, additionally ignoring the unequal distribution of health (Sloman & et. al., 2012). Notably, one major problem faced by economists when measuring well-being or similar intangible variables by using GDP is that it does not include population of a nation into an account. If these variables are taken into account, countries like India and China, those have greater volume of population, shall be better off in comparison to Australia, which is much advanced than the men tioned nations in terms of technology, infrastructure and other production function variables. Again, as per the common principles of GDP, when the production increases it may be attributed to the technological advancement. On the contrary,

The Rationale for Nursing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Rationale for Nursing Management - Essay Example Besides the levels of glucose may be low than normal. Therefore, the intervention of infusing with dextrose is needed to prevent the body from turning to the use of ketone bodies, which may predispose to the development of diabetic ketoacidosis. However, this is only appropriate intervention if the body glucose level is less than 3mmol/l (Kable & Bourgeois 2014; p. 61). Therefore, the infusion of the patient with 4% dextrose may have exacerbated the rise in blood sugars. Besides, non-adherence to the diabetic diet is a major contributor to rising in blood sugars (Rebeiro, et al. 2013; p. 308). When the people with type II diabetes eats food with rich in sugar, their body is unable to convert it to glycogen, hence their blood glucose level will rise. Similarly, non-adherences to the drug regimen are crucial for these people. When they fail to take the drugs as prescribed, their body fails to regulate the blood sugars, therefore, an increase in blood glucose in the body (Rebeiro, et al 2013; p. 308). On the other hand, infusion of normal saline is appropriate. Normal saline expands the blood volume causing the diluting effect of blood (Kable & Bourgeois 2014; p. 61). As a result, the body will be supplied with adequate sugar. Besides, it prevents blood viscosity and reduces the polydipsia effect that is experienced by the patient (Rebeiro, et al. 2013; p. 308). Finally, the insulin infusion corrects the glucose level. In type II diabetes mellitus, oral hypoglycemics are encouraged. However, when sugars surge over the normal, insulin infusion forms a quick remedy from the progression o to diabetic ketoacidosis. The rationale for this is that HHNS is likely to develop in diabetes mellitus type II patient if they fail to control the blood sugars.

Comparison of the Egyptian Pyramids and Roman Colosseum

Comparison of the Egyptian Pyramids and Roman Colosseum Chris Flathmann Whether it be shape, material, purpose, or significance, every piece of architecture is uniquely similar and uniquely different to every other piece. Despite being separated by both time and culture, the Roman Colosseum and the Egyptian Pyramids of Giza possess both unique similarities and differences to each other. Like most cultures, Roman architecture tends to derive some elements from previous cultures such as the Egyptian culture. The main similarities between the Colosseum and the Pyramids can be seen in the material used in construction due to similar natural recourses; however, the historical context and purpose of both religion and entertainment differentiate the two cultures architecture Both the Colosseum and Pyramids are great milestones not only in the world of architecture but also engineering. Like most cultures, both Roman and Egyptian architecture tends to use natural resources as materials in construction. The materials used by each culture can be explained by looking at the topography in which they reside. Since Egyptian culture primarily resided in desert regions near running water sources, materials such as limestone were heavily abundant and frequently used in construction. Due to the availability of water for some Egyptian cultures, clay would also be used. Both materials become popular not only because of their abundance but also their support strength and insulating properties. Romans also preferred using more local materials such as mortar, lime, clay, tuff, and travertine; however, Romans set themselves apart by developing cement for the purposes of construction.[1] The benefit of using cement for construction is the ease of formation. Even though bo th cultures had both similar resources, their construction process was highly different. In terms of visual characteristics, the Pyramids of Giza and the Roman Colosseum could not be further apart. The Pyramids of Giza are four sided with triangular faces. The Colosseum utilizes a circular shape to allow 360o spectating. Although the Colosseum uses the newly develop arch for support, many classical elements are still incorporated into it. One of the most noticeable aesthetic aspects of the Colosseum is the use of multiple different types of columns including Ionic and Corinthian. The Colosseum is also designed in layers with each layer consisting of a different type of column in order to show variety in architectural elements. On the other hand, the Pyramids of Giza are closed up and use flat faces rather than rounded construction. Although the exterior of the Pyramids of Giza appear plain, the true style of Egyptian culture can be seen on the inside. Burial chambers located inside the Pyramids were decorated with not only elaborate paintings but also prized possessions of the dead. This tendency to decorate interiors shows the importance that the afterlife played in Egyptian culture. Both the Colosseum and the Pyramids have become symbols of ancient civilization for both Rome and Egypt. The Roman Colosseum exemplifies the well-being and desires of the Roman people. Under emperor Vespasian, construction of the Colosseum began in order to reestablish the prominence of Roman rule after the death of Nero. This construction was started in order to celebrate the reestablishment of the empire and multiple militaristic victories. The Colosseum was primarily used for entertainment when it was first finished under emperor Titus.[2]A large society needs entertainment in order to keep happy citizens. The Roman people were very big into entertainment and extravagant shows; these vices were catered to by functions held in the Colosseum such as gladiator fights and fights against animals in order to show the strength of Romes citizens. This is the Primary difference between the Colosseum and the Pyramids. The Pyramids were primarily built in dedication to pharaohs who were cons idered gods and would need a resting place for the afterlife. Although Rome used architecture to show the power of its society, Egypt used it to show the power of its leaders. The Pyramids were also single use buildings that were used for burial places for fallen pharaohs such as Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaura. The Pyramids of Giza not only acted as burial places for pharaohs but also their families. These tombs would even be decorated and furnished for the dead to enjoy in the afterlife.[3] Since the pyramids were burial places, most were sealed off to the public. One the other hand, the Colosseum saw heavy use after its construction due to events so it was given a very open design to accommodate for large amounts of people. These differences show how cultural differences can result in major changes for both the purpose and the design of a building. The Egyptian Pyramids and Roman Colosseum show how a pieces of architectures building materials and construction process and heavily differ based on the purpose and historical context under which they were constructed. While Roman Culture primarily used architecture utilized large public space, the Egyptians tendency to dedicate buildings leaders led to large private constructions that were primarily used for display and spiritual purposes. Both the geographical and topographical separation between Egypt and Rome allowed Rome to create a unique style that still drew small elements from ancient cultures such as Egypt. Vespasian; Titus; Domitian, Roman Colosseum, 70 AD, Architecture (cement, Lime, Tile, etc†¦) Unknown, Pyramids of Giza, c. 2325 BC, Architecture (Limestone, clay) [1] The-Colosseum.net. Materials. [cited 2/14 2017]. Available from http://www.the-Colosseum.net/architecture/materials_en.htm√. [2] The-Colosseum.net. Materials. [cited 2/14 2017]. Available from http://www.the-Colosseum.net/architecture/materials_en.htm√. [3] The Editors of Encyclopedia Britanica. Pyramids of giza. in Britanica [database online]. 2016 [cited 2/15 2017]. Available from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pyramids-of-Giza.

legal case Essay -- essays research papers

MEMORANDUM INTRODUCTION   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You have asked me to determine whether our client Diana Lewis committed unauthorized practice of law by providing her services. I have done research on statutes and cases. This memorandum will address the issue of this case, California Bar’s claim, and Ms. Lewis’s possible defense. STATEMENT OF FACTS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In May 2001, Diana Lewis earned her Associate of Art degree and Paralegal Certificate from City College of San Francisco. In June 2001, Ms. Lewis opened her business to prepare legal paperwork for clients involved in uncontested divorces. She advertises her business in the Daily Journal and the Recorder. She charges no more than $75 for the complete package of paperwork and has assisted 25 clients to date.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Because Ms. Lewis’s clients are not familiar with the legal terminology and some of them are illiterate, Ms. Lewis is compelled to ask questions and hold conferences with them. The day before the client’s court hearing, Ms. Lewis meets with her client to discuss what he or she can expect during the hearing. Ms. Lewis does not accompany the client to the hearing. Diana Lewis has been charged by the California Bar with unauthorized practice of law. ISSUE   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Did Ms. Lewis practice law when she provided such legal document service? BRIEF ANSWER   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No. California Bar could make a case that Ms. Lewis gave legal advice. But when she helped her clients with â€Å"uncontested† divorce document, she did not give specific advice by which the client’s particular legal rights were secured. She simply helped interpret instructions on preparing the general legal forms at her clients’ request. Such sales and services are legitimate. DISCUSSION In Cal Bus & Prof Code  § 6125, â€Å"[n]o person shall practice law in California unless the person is an active member of the State Bar.† Diana Lewis dose not have law school education and did not pass California Bar Exams. She is not an active member of the State Bar. So she cannot practice law in California. The issue is whether she practiced law. In Cal Bus & Prof Code  § 6400, â€Å"[a] legal document assistant may not provide any kind of advice, explanation, opinion, or recommendation to a consumer about possible legal rights, remedies, defenses... ... of law. In addition it violates Unfair Competition Law at the same time. Walter Moore is similar to Ms. Lewis in that they are both non-lawyers and provided legal document service. Also, they both advertised locally. Walter Moore listed in the phone book under â€Å"Legal Aid† directory. Here we need more details about Ms. Lewis’s advertisement such as the wordings and under what section it was printed. CONCLUSION   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  California code prohibits Diana Lewis to practice law. The issue is whether Ms. Lewis actually practiced law.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the statute and court opinion, the key point is whether a non-lawyer provides advice or prepares legal instruments that would secure the party’s legal rights.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From the fats at hand, I do not see Diana Lewis have provided individual client with specific advice that would affect his or her legal rights. In fact, in the case of â€Å"uncontested† divorce, such practice of legal advice is not usually needed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some detail information on Ms. Lewis’s advertisement and her discussion with clients will be needed to help with her defense. legal case Essay -- essays research papers MEMORANDUM INTRODUCTION   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You have asked me to determine whether our client Diana Lewis committed unauthorized practice of law by providing her services. I have done research on statutes and cases. This memorandum will address the issue of this case, California Bar’s claim, and Ms. Lewis’s possible defense. STATEMENT OF FACTS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In May 2001, Diana Lewis earned her Associate of Art degree and Paralegal Certificate from City College of San Francisco. In June 2001, Ms. Lewis opened her business to prepare legal paperwork for clients involved in uncontested divorces. She advertises her business in the Daily Journal and the Recorder. She charges no more than $75 for the complete package of paperwork and has assisted 25 clients to date.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Because Ms. Lewis’s clients are not familiar with the legal terminology and some of them are illiterate, Ms. Lewis is compelled to ask questions and hold conferences with them. The day before the client’s court hearing, Ms. Lewis meets with her client to discuss what he or she can expect during the hearing. Ms. Lewis does not accompany the client to the hearing. Diana Lewis has been charged by the California Bar with unauthorized practice of law. ISSUE   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Did Ms. Lewis practice law when she provided such legal document service? BRIEF ANSWER   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No. California Bar could make a case that Ms. Lewis gave legal advice. But when she helped her clients with â€Å"uncontested† divorce document, she did not give specific advice by which the client’s particular legal rights were secured. She simply helped interpret instructions on preparing the general legal forms at her clients’ request. Such sales and services are legitimate. DISCUSSION In Cal Bus & Prof Code  § 6125, â€Å"[n]o person shall practice law in California unless the person is an active member of the State Bar.† Diana Lewis dose not have law school education and did not pass California Bar Exams. She is not an active member of the State Bar. So she cannot practice law in California. The issue is whether she practiced law. In Cal Bus & Prof Code  § 6400, â€Å"[a] legal document assistant may not provide any kind of advice, explanation, opinion, or recommendation to a consumer about possible legal rights, remedies, defenses... ... of law. In addition it violates Unfair Competition Law at the same time. Walter Moore is similar to Ms. Lewis in that they are both non-lawyers and provided legal document service. Also, they both advertised locally. Walter Moore listed in the phone book under â€Å"Legal Aid† directory. Here we need more details about Ms. Lewis’s advertisement such as the wordings and under what section it was printed. CONCLUSION   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  California code prohibits Diana Lewis to practice law. The issue is whether Ms. Lewis actually practiced law.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the statute and court opinion, the key point is whether a non-lawyer provides advice or prepares legal instruments that would secure the party’s legal rights.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From the fats at hand, I do not see Diana Lewis have provided individual client with specific advice that would affect his or her legal rights. In fact, in the case of â€Å"uncontested† divorce, such practice of legal advice is not usually needed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some detail information on Ms. Lewis’s advertisement and her discussion with clients will be needed to help with her defense.

Human Papilloma Virus in Teens Essay

Teenagers in the United States are becoming sexually active at an earlier age and have more exposure to sexually transmitted diseases. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is one of the leading causes of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States (Center for Disease Control, 2012), and the age group with the highest prevalence of HPV are teenagers. With the growing number of teenagers exposed to HPV, the incidence of cervical cancer is increasing in the US. The study of epidemiology focuses on the interventions and preventions available to decrease the prevalence and incidence of HPV, cervical cancer, and genital warts in teenagers. This paper will evaluate the role of epidemiology in HPV by utilizing the epidemiological triangle, methods and types of epidemiology, the population affected, and the levels of prevention in the HPV disease. â€Å"Epidemiology is the study of populations in order to: monitor the health of the population, understand the determinants of health and disease of communities, and investigate and evaluate interventions to prevent disease and maintain health† (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008). Epidemiology is a science that includes both infectious and chronic diseases and influences clinical medicine and public health through research. Epidemiology focuses on evidence-based practice and the outcomes are utilized to guide a change in practice. The influence of the research is community wide and focuses on the services provided in the community. The purpose of epidemiology is to find the causes of disease, the prevention of morbidity and mortality, and to predict the occurrence of disease in the populations at risk. Nurses use epidemiology as a data tool in designing, implementing, and evaluating the health problems in the community (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008). Human Papilloma virus is the primary cause of sexually transmitted disease among teenagers and can result in co-morbidity such as cervical cancer and genital warts. Research has indicated that the vaccines available are effective in the prevention of cervical cancer and genital warts caused by HPV. HPV in teens can be affected by lack of education about safe sex practices, and the lack of access to healthcare facilities executing medical screening. Legal consideration involving vaccine administration, in the state of Tennessee, is parental consent. The public health nurse can play a role in the community by advocating and communicating with government officials for the vaccine to be required for entrance into school. Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention have significant implications towards HPV management, cervical cancer, and genital warts. Prevention of HPV through education, screening, and vaccinations is the most effective technique to decrease the prevalence and incidence cervical cancer, and genital warts in teenagers.

Family Assessment Paper

Running Head: FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT Family Health Risk Assessment Paper Tynette Miller Submitted to Dr. Sarah Combs in Partial Fulfillment of NR478 Community Health Nursing Practicum Regis University April 3, 2013 2 FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT A comprehensive family assessment provides a foundation to promote family health, Edelman & Mandle, C. L. , (2011). This assessment of family health offers many approaches that involve getting to know the strengths and weaknesses of the family.According to Stanhope & Lascaster (2010), the family nursing assessment is the cornerstone for family nursing interventions and systematic processes that are used to identify the family’s developmental stages and risk factors. The Friedman Family Assessment Model (2003) provides guidelines for nurses to interview the structure and function of families. This paper will implement the Friedman Family Assessment Tool to assess the Harvey Family. Identify Data: The Harvey Family is a traditional family that is composed of 4 family members.AH is the father and is a 39 year old black male with a college degree in business. He is a plant manager at a steel mill in Jackson, MS. Mrs. BH is also African American and is the mother of the family. She is 35 years old and teaches at one of the local high schools in Jackson, MS. Mr. and Mrs. Harvey have 2 kids. CH is a 13 year on girl who is in the 7th grade and has asthma. Her brother, DH, is 6 years old in the 1st grade with no present known medical history. The whole family takes weekend trips every other weekend. They enjoy hiking, amusement parks, computers, shopping, and site seeing.Parents’ perception is that they are hardworking, good citizens who strongly believe in God and their religious beliefs are Methodist. This family appears to be in good health and proud parents of 2 kids. The family strengths consist of a rich history of Methodist beliefs, strong family morals, and high levels of education for greater opportunities. Family Structure: This couple has been married for 15 years. According to the Freidman Family Assessment Model (2003), their present developmental stage would be family with adolescent / young child.The extent of each of the parent’s developmental task appears to be properly fulfilled. They both agree not to have any more children. They practice safe sex with one partner and have no history of sexually transmitted diseases. The general health of the immediate family is overall good. The family history of the extended family denotes grandparents with hypertension and a few members who suffer with asthma. The father was diagnosed with hypertension and the mother denied any medical history except for a tubal ligation. The paternal grandfather (GH) is 75 years old and suffers from hypertension and is a heavy smoker.The paternal grandmother (SH) passed away 2 years ago from a stroke. 3 FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT She was 70 years old. The maternal grandfather (SJ) is 77 and is under the care of a pulmonologist for COPD and asthma. The maternal grandmother (AJ) is 74 and has hypertension. BH has 2 brothers, (BJ and CJ). They both have hypertension also. AH also has siblings, 2 sisters (FH and KH) and 1 brother, (JH). FH has asthma and KH and JH both have hypertension. Environmental Data The Harvey Family lives in a well kept 4 bedroom brick home outside of the city limits of Jackson, MS.The community where they live is fairly small with a total of approximately 5600 citizens. Their gated neighbor has a code of covenants and each home has fences surrounded the backyard. They deny being active in the community activities. CH plays junior high basketball and DH is a part of their afterschool program, Frontiers. Family function The couple both agreed to being happily married and have a good support system of family and church members. Their average income is $130. 000. and they have medical coverage for the family. They are on a regular diet with few restrictions on fried foods and fat intake.The children eat school lunch and the parents from outside restaurant choices. Mom tries to cook a meal a day after work or they seldom eat Subway or Pizza Hut. No variation in weight gain or weight loss reported. They try to eat dinner as a family at home on a regular basis. However, this was not feasible all of the time due to dad’s late night work hours and CH basketball practices after school. They generally get 6-7 hours of sleep per night and denied any sleep deprivation. No exercise program has been implemented by this family. CH is the only physically, athletic member.DH stated that he likes to ride his bike. The children are active in Sunday school and participate in summer camp. Family Stress and Coping No major events have occurred in their life since the death of AH’s mom 2 years ago. In the event of any crisis, they depend on the extended family and church members for emotional and morale support. After this family assessment, I felt that the nursing wellness diagnosis (2012) for this family would be: 4 FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT 1. Readiness for enhanced regular activity: related to planned exercise activity in the week for the family to improve overall health. . Readiness for enhanced nutrition: related to metabolic nutritional intake and reduce fat intake and increase intake of well-balanced diet for the family to promote better health. Risk Factors Facing Harvey Family Assessing the Harvey family, helped me to understand their biological and age related risk factors facing them based on the genogram and ecomap of their family. This genogram (Fig. 1-1) reveals a timeline of family history over 3 generations. The ecomap (Fig. 1-2) will define the family relationships with other neighbors and friends.It also represents the family’s interactions with other organizations and groups that are created by using circles and lines (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2010). According to the family history, the Harvey fami ly has a predisposition to develop hypertension and asthma. â€Å"High rates of hypertension in African Americans may be due to the genetic make-up of people of the African race. Many experts have stated that high blood pressure can be a combination of both genetic, lifestyle, and environmental, but is more prominent in blacks than in whites† (WebMD,2013).According to the Partners Asthma Center (2010), asthma is considered to be hereditary. CH’s grandfather suffered from COPD and asthma. As a result, she developed asthma, along with her aunt, FH. Surprisingly, none of her parents developed this disease. CH and DH are at high risk for developing hypertension, as well. There is a strong need for diet changes and a need for a exercise program to promote better health and wellness. Their social risk is high due to inadequate of recreation or health gyms noted in the Harvey’s community. The community was not noted for major pollution or high levels of noise.However, other stressful circumstances may derive from over worked parents and limited amount of family dinners together throughout the week. Conclusion As a nurse, my role in this case would be to offer help and guidance to the family, provide information, and the needed community resources. Thorough planning and more scheduled visits would be arranged to help the Harvey family promote healthier ways to cope with their health situation. 5 FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT Edelman, & Mandle, C. L. (2010). Health Promotion Throughout the Lifespan, 7th edition. St. Louis: Mosby. eHow.Com (2012). Wellness Nursing Diagnosis/ e how. com Retreived from: http://www. ehow. com/wellness-nursing-diagnosis. html#ixzz1z6AuL. DA8 Fanta, Christopher H. , MD, (2010) Breathing Fresh Air. Retrieved from: www. asthma. partners. org/newfiles/BoFAChapter34. html Stanhope, M. & Lancaster, J. (2010), Foundations of Nursing in the Community Oriented Practice 3rd ed. , Mosby Elsevier. St. Louis, Missouri. WebMD (2013), High Blood Pressure in African-American. Retrieved from http://www. webmed. com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/hypertension-in-african-americans